Mbi 80 p\u00ebr qind e grave n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb pjes\u00eb e tregut t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb Agjencis\u00eb s\u00eb Statistikave t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs (ASK).<\/p>\n
Por, p\u00ebr studiuese si Ernera Dushica nga Instituti p\u00ebr Studime t\u00eb Avancuara GAP dhe Blenda Asllani nga Qendra p\u00ebr Informim, Kritik\u00eb dhe Aksion QIKA, kjo statistik\u00eb nuk reflekton realitetin.<\/p>\n
Ato argumentojn\u00eb se grat\u00eb kryejn\u00eb shum\u00eb pun\u00eb, por se ato nuk u njihen formalisht.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb?<\/p>\n
Q\u00eb kur ASK-ja ka filluar grumbullimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave p\u00ebr shkall\u00ebn e pun\u00ebsimit t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb vitin 2012, burrat kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar n\u00eb shkall\u00eb duksh\u00ebm m\u00eb t\u00eb larta se grat\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Muajin e kaluar u publikua Anketa e fundit e Fuqis\u00eb Pun\u00ebtore, ku shihet se mbi 53 p\u00ebr qind e burrave n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb dhe m\u00eb pak se 20 p\u00ebr qind e grave jan\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar.<\/p>\n
Tregu joformal i pun\u00ebs<\/p>\n
Matja e shkall\u00ebs s\u00eb pun\u00ebsimit n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb vler\u00ebsohet si proces i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb tregut joformal t\u00eb pun\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
Shum\u00eb qytetar\u00eb t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs nuk marrin kontrata pune dhe nuk regjistrohen si pun\u00ebtor\u00eb n\u00eb kompanit\u00eb ku punojn\u00eb. N\u00eb shum\u00eb raste, kjo b\u00ebhet p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos e humbur asistenc\u00ebn sociale mujore apo p\u00ebr t\u2019iu shmangur pagimit t\u00eb taksave.<\/p>\n
Gjithsej, 42 p\u00ebr qind e kosovar\u00ebve vler\u00ebsohet se jan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb tregun joformal t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, sipas nj\u00eb studimi t\u00eb sivjetm\u00eb t\u00eb Rrjetit t\u00eb Grave t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs (RRGK). M\u00eb t\u00eb cenuarat rezulton t\u00eb jen\u00eb grat\u00eb q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb zonat rurale.<\/p>\n
Dushica nga Instituti GAP thot\u00eb se puna joformale e grave n\u00eb zonat rurale p\u00ebrfshin pun\u00ebn n\u00eb fermat familjare, ku grat\u00eb ndihmojn\u00eb n\u00eb kultivimin e tok\u00ebs, p\u00ebrkujdesen p\u00ebr kafsh\u00eb apo p\u00ebrpunojn\u00eb produkte bujq\u00ebsore.<\/p>\n
\u201cN\u00eb zonat rurale, shum\u00eb gra punojn\u00eb n\u00eb bujq\u00ebsi. Shum\u00eb shpesh jan\u00eb t\u00eb papaguara dhe nuk g\u00ebzojn\u00eb mbrojtje sociale\u201d, thot\u00eb Dushica p\u00ebr REL-in.<\/p>\n
K\u00ebt\u00eb e tregojn\u00eb edhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e raportit t\u00eb RRGK-s\u00eb, sipas t\u00eb cilave grat\u00eb n\u00eb zonat rurale kan\u00eb duksh\u00ebm m\u00eb shum\u00eb gjasa t\u00eb kryejn\u00eb pun\u00eb t\u00eb papaguar n\u00eb biznese familjare.<\/p>\n
Nd\u00ebr d\u00ebmet m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebr grat\u00eb t\u00eb cilave nuk u njihet puna e till\u00eb, Dushica vler\u00ebson se \u00ebsht\u00eb pensioni mujor q\u00eb ato marrin pas mosh\u00ebs 65 vje\u00e7e.<\/p>\n
Pa pasur kontribut t\u00eb njohur n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs, grat\u00eb nga mosha 65 vje\u00e7e marrin vet\u00ebm pensionin bazik t\u00eb mosh\u00ebs, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb 100 euro n\u00eb muaj.<\/p>\n
Pension m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb \u2013 at\u00eb si kontributdh\u00ebn\u00ebs \u2013 g\u00ebzojn\u00eb ata persona q\u00eb kan\u00eb qen\u00eb aktiv\u00eb n\u00eb tregun formal t\u00eb pun\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
Barra e kujdesit p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00eb, t\u00eb moshuar dhe sht\u00ebpi<\/p>\n
Por, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 pun\u00ebs s\u00eb papaguar n\u00eb biznese familjare, Asllani nga organizata QIKA thekson edhe pun\u00ebn e kujdesit sht\u00ebpiak dhe familjar, ku grat\u00eb jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb angazhuara se burrat.<\/p>\n
Sipas saj, faktor\u00ebt e till\u00eb q\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb shkall\u00ebn e ul\u00ebt t\u00eb pun\u00ebsimit, kan\u00eb n\u00eb thelb \u201cnormat patriarkale dhe stereotipat e bazuar n\u00eb gjini\u201d.<\/p>\n
\u201cArsyeja kryesore \u00ebsht\u00eb se shoq\u00ebria jon\u00eb, tradicionalisht, i ka par\u00eb dhe i sheh grat\u00eb si p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebset kryesore p\u00ebr kujdesin ndaj familjes dhe sht\u00ebpis\u00eb, respektivisht si p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebset kryesore p\u00ebr pun\u00ebn e papaguar t\u00eb kujdesit \u2013 \u00e7ka i detyron ato t\u00eb q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi\u201d, thot\u00eb Asllani p\u00ebr Radion Evropa e Lir\u00eb.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb publikuara n\u00eb tetor t\u00eb vitit 2022 nga Instituti Musine Kokalari, puna e papaguar e kujdesit sht\u00ebpiak arrin vler\u00ebn mbi 1.8 miliard euro.<\/p>\n
Ai raport tregonte se grat\u00eb kalojn\u00eb mesatarisht 6.2 or\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00eb duke u p\u00ebrkujdesur p\u00ebr familjar\u00eb apo p\u00ebr sht\u00ebpi, nd\u00ebrsa burrat 3.5 or\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Raporti i sivjetm\u00eb i RRGK-s\u00eb tregon se edhe burrat, edhe grat\u00eb ndihen t\u00eb mbingarkuar nga puna n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi \u2013 gj\u00eb q\u00eb i shtyn t\u00eb mos jen\u00eb aktiv\u00eb n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
Por, p\u00ebr grat\u00eb, arsyeja e dyt\u00eb m\u00eb e shpesht\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb kujdesi p\u00ebr familjar\u00eb, n\u00eb krahasim me burrat q\u00eb kan\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb si arsye studimet akademike.<\/p>\n
Sipas Asllanit, mungesa e t\u00eb ardhurave q\u00eb do t\u00eb sillte puna formale te grat\u00eb, b\u00ebn q\u00eb ato t\u00eb ken\u00eb m\u00eb pak mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb investojn\u00eb p\u00ebr ngritjen e tyre akademike apo profesionale.<\/p>\n
Por, kjo munges\u00eb e t\u00eb ardhurave shkakton edhe var\u00ebsi financiare t\u00eb grave ndaj partner\u00ebve apo familjar\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre, shton ajo.<\/p>\n
\u201cVar\u00ebsia financiare krijon raporte t\u00eb pabarabarta t\u00eb pushtetit, duke kufizuar k\u00ebshtu pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e grave p\u00ebr t\u2019i marr\u00eb vet\u00eb vendimet p\u00ebr jet\u00ebn e tyre. S\u00eb dyti, rrit rrezikun e grave p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb viktima t\u00eb dhun\u00ebs dhe abuzimit nga partner\u00ebt apo familjar\u00ebt\u201d, shpjegon Asllani.<\/p>\n
Kjo, sipas saj, ndodh p\u00ebr faktin se n\u00eb pamund\u00ebsi q\u00eb t\u00eb financojn\u00eb nj\u00eb jet\u00eb t\u00eb pavarur, shum\u00eb gra detyrohen t\u00eb q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie abuzive.<\/p>\n
Si mund t\u00eb zgjidhet ky problem?<\/p>\n
T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat tregojn\u00eb se grat\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb jan\u00eb m\u00eb pak aktive edhe n\u00eb k\u00ebrkim t\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, n\u00eb krahasim me burrat.<\/p>\n
Dallimi m\u00eb i madh n\u00eb shkall\u00ebn e pun\u00ebsimit t\u00eb burrave dhe grave v\u00ebrehet n\u00eb grup-mosh\u00ebn 35-44 vje\u00e7e, kur shum\u00eb prej tyre b\u00ebhen prind\u00ebr.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, Dushica dhe Asllani propozojn\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshohet pushimi i lehonis\u00eb me nj\u00eb pushim prind\u00ebror.<\/p>\n
N\u00ebnave lehona n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb u takojn\u00eb 12 muaj pushim, prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve n\u00ebnt\u00eb muajt e par\u00eb jan\u00eb me pages\u00eb.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr, babai i f\u00ebmij\u00ebs ka t\u00eb drejt\u00eb vet\u00ebm n\u00eb dy dit\u00eb pushim me pages\u00eb pas lindjes s\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebs dhe dy jav\u00eb pushim t\u00eb papaguar. T\u00eb drejtat e pushimit t\u00eb n\u00ebn\u00ebs mund t\u00eb barten te babai i f\u00ebmij\u00ebs vet\u00ebm n\u00eb rastet kur n\u00ebna vdes, braktis f\u00ebmij\u00ebn ose prind\u00ebrit merren vesh mes vete.<\/p>\n
Ndryshimi i k\u00ebsaj skeme \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb plan t\u00eb Qeveris\u00eb q\u00eb nj\u00eb koh\u00eb, por ai nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb finalizuar asnj\u00ebher\u00eb.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb tetor t\u00eb vitit 2022, Inspektorati i Pun\u00ebs, q\u00eb funksionon n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Pun\u00ebs dhe Mir\u00ebqenies Sociale, ka th\u00ebn\u00eb se ndryshimi i k\u00ebsaj skeme t\u00eb pushimit prind\u00ebror \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb draftin e ri t\u00eb Ligjit t\u00eb Pun\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
Megjithat\u00eb, k\u00ebto ndryshime nuk i kan\u00eb kaluar ende procedurat e nevojshme ligjore p\u00ebr t\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb fuqi.<\/p>\n
Dushica argumenton se ndarja e pushimit pas lindjes s\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebs mes dy prind\u00ebrve do ta ulte diskriminimin ndaj grave n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
\u201cPastaj, nj\u00eb pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebs nuk do t\u00eb mendonte a t\u00eb pun\u00ebsoj\u00eb nj\u00eb grua apo jo, p\u00ebr shkak se ajo mund t\u00eb shkoj\u00eb n\u00eb pushim t\u00eb lehonis\u00eb, pasi q\u00eb do ta dinte q\u00eb edhe n\u00ebse e pun\u00ebson nj\u00eb grua apo nj\u00eb burr\u00eb, t\u00eb dy do ta merrnin nj\u00eb pushim prind\u00ebror\u201d, thot\u00eb Dushica.<\/p>\n
Asllani, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, propozon q\u00eb inspektor\u00ebt e pun\u00ebs t\u00eb trajnohen p\u00ebr trajtimin e diskriminimit gjinor n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb krijohet nj\u00eb platform\u00eb ku diskriminimi i till\u00eb mund t\u00eb raportohet leht\u00ebsisht nga grat\u00eb.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, shton ajo, meq\u00eb grat\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb e mbajn\u00eb barr\u00ebn kryesore p\u00ebr kujdes sht\u00ebpiak, ato duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrkrahen me politika specifike nga institucionet shtet\u00ebrore.<\/p>\n
\u201cP\u00ebr ta leht\u00ebsuar p\u00ebrfshirjen e grave n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs, \u00ebsht\u00eb thelb\u00ebsore t\u00eb investohet n\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebn p\u00ebr kujdesin ndaj f\u00ebmij\u00ebve, duke krijuar kopshte dhe \u00e7erdhe me kosto t\u00eb p\u00ebrballueshme\u201d, thot\u00eb Asllani.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Mbi 80 p\u00ebr qind e grave n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb pjes\u00eb e tregut t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb Agjencis\u00eb s\u00eb Statistikave t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs (ASK). Por, p\u00ebr studiuese si Ernera Dushica nga Instituti p\u00ebr Studime t\u00eb Avancuara GAP dhe Blenda Asllani nga Qendra p\u00ebr Informim, Kritik\u00eb dhe Aksion QIKA, kjo statistik\u00eb nuk reflekton realitetin. Ato […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":179083,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-179082","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-lajme"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/179082","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=179082"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/179082\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/179083"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=179082"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=179082"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=179082"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}