Tre shtete t\u00eb Ballkanit, Kosova, Serbia dhe Maqedonia kryesojn\u00eb n\u00eb Europ\u00eb p\u00ebr nivelin e lart\u00eb t\u00eb vdekjeve nga ndotja e ajrit, n\u00eb raport me popullsin\u00eb.<\/p>\n
T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat, p\u00ebr vdekjet n\u00eb vler\u00eb absolute, jan\u00eb publikuar s\u00eb fundmi nga Agjencia Europiane e Mjedisit n\u00eb raportin \u201cCil\u00ebsia e ajrit n\u00eb Europ\u00eb \u2013 2018\u201d dhe jan\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuar nga Monitor n\u00eb raport me popullsin\u00eb e vendeve p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse. Informacioni i referohet vitit 2015.<\/p>\n
Kosova kishte 3,700 vdekje nga ajri i ndotur, q\u00eb duke pasur parasysh popullsin\u00eb e saj prej vet\u00ebm 1.8 milion\u00eb banor\u00ebsh e rendit at\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00ebn n\u00eb Europ\u00eb, ku ajri i ndotur ka b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb humbin jet\u00ebn 0.2% e popullsis\u00eb. N\u00eb Serbi, ky tregues \u00ebsht\u00eb 0.18% (rreth 13 mij\u00eb vdekje) dhe n\u00eb Maqedoni 0.14% e popullsis\u00eb (3,000 vdekje), duke u renditur p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht n\u00eb vend t\u00eb dyt\u00eb dhe t\u00eb tret\u00eb n\u00eb Europ\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Shqip\u00ebria, ndryshe nga shtetet e tjera t\u00eb Ballkanit, rezulton t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel relativisht t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb vdekjeve t\u00eb shkaktuara nga ajri i ndotur, q\u00eb llogariten n\u00eb 1400 persona n\u00eb vit, ose 0.05% e popullsis\u00eb, duke u renditur e 29-a n\u00eb Europ\u00eb, nga 37 shtete gjithsej.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb vler\u00eb absolute, vdekjet m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha jan\u00eb n\u00eb Gjermani dhe Itali, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht 62.3 mij\u00eb dhe 60 mij\u00eb persona. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb befasuese q\u00eb Gjermania t\u00eb ket\u00eb shif\u00ebr t\u00eb lart\u00eb, duke pasur parasysh se ka popullat\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb \u00e7do vendi t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb. Por n\u00ebse llogariten vdekjet e lidhura me ndotjen e ajrit p\u00ebr 100,000 banor\u00eb, vende si Bullgaria, Rumania dhe Hungaria e kan\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb tregues shum\u00eb m\u00eb keq.<\/p>\n
T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat sugjerojn\u00eb se, bazuar n\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimet e matura n\u00eb stacionet e sfondit urban dhe n\u00eb periferit\u00eb, Kroacia ishte gjithashtu mbi detyrimin e p\u00ebrqendrimit t\u00eb ekspozimit t\u00eb ndot\u00ebsve t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar prej 21 pg \/ m3. Vende t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb vler\u00ebsohen me ndotje n\u00eb aj\u00ebr mbi 20 pg \/ m jan\u00eb Serbia (23 pg \/ m3, t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr 2016), Shqip\u00ebria (25 pg \/ m3, 2015-2016), Kosova9 (27 pg \/ m3, 2015-2016), Bosnja dhe Hercegovina (33 pg \/ m3, 2016), dhe Ish-Republika Jugosllave e Maqedonis\u00eb (52 pg \/ m3, 2015-2016). Sipas k\u00ebtyre t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, Maqedonia rezulton vendi me ndotjen m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb n\u00eb Ballkan, e ndjekur nga Kosova, m\u00eb pas nga Shqip\u00ebria.<\/p>\n
Transporti rrugor \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga burimet kryesore t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs p\u00ebr ndotjen e ajrit, sidomos t\u00eb ndot\u00ebsve t\u00eb d\u00ebmsh\u00ebm si dioksidi i azotit dhe grimcat, sipas \u2018Cil\u00ebsia e ajrit n\u00eb Europ\u00eb \u2013 raporti i vitit 2018\u2019 nga Agjencia Europiane e Mjedisit. Emetimet nga bujq\u00ebsia, prodhimi i energjis\u00eb, industria dhe konsumi i familjeve po kontribuojn\u00eb gjithashtu n\u00eb ndotjen e ajrit. Raporti paraqet t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat m\u00eb t\u00eb fundit zyrtare t\u00eb cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb ajrit t\u00eb raportuara nga m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 2 500 stacione monitorimi n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Europ\u00ebn n\u00eb 2016.<\/p>\n
Ndikimet sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore t\u00eb ndotjes s\u00eb ajrit jan\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme<\/p>\n
Matja e l\u00ebnd\u00ebve t\u00eb ndara (PM), dioksidi i azotit (NO2) dhe niveli i tok\u00ebs (O3) shkaktojn\u00eb d\u00ebmin m\u00eb t\u00eb madh p\u00ebr sh\u00ebndetin e njeriut. P\u00ebrqendrimet e larta t\u00eb ndotjes s\u00eb ajrit vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb ken\u00eb nj\u00eb ndikim negativ tek evropian\u00ebt, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht ata q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb zonat urbane.<\/p>\n
Ndotja e ajrit gjithashtu ka ndikime t\u00eb konsiderueshme ekonomike, shkurtim t\u00eb jet\u00ebs, rritjen e kostove mjek\u00ebsore dhe reduktimin e produktivitetit n\u00ebp\u00ebr ekonomi gjat\u00eb dit\u00ebve t\u00eb pun\u00ebs t\u00eb humbura p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb sh\u00ebndetit t\u00eb s\u00ebmur\u00eb. Ndotja e ajrit gjithashtu ndikon negativisht n\u00eb ekosistemet, duke d\u00ebmtuar tok\u00ebn, pyjet, liqenet dhe lumenjt\u00eb dhe duke reduktuar rendimentet bujq\u00ebsore.<\/p>\n
Politikat e kaluara dhe aktuale dhe p\u00ebrparimet n\u00eb teknologji kan\u00eb \u00e7uar n\u00eb nj\u00eb progres t\u00eb ngadalt\u00eb por t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm n\u00eb zvog\u00eblimin e k\u00ebtyre ndikimeve negative, vler\u00ebson raporti. Vler\u00ebsimet e p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsuara n\u00eb raport tregojn\u00eb se p\u00ebrqendrimet e PM2.5 ishin p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebse p\u00ebr rreth 422 000 vdekje t\u00eb parakohshme n\u00eb 41 shtete europiane n\u00eb 2015, nga t\u00eb cilat rreth 391 000 ishin n\u00eb 28 shtetet an\u00ebtare t\u00eb BE.<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb vler\u00ebsim m\u00eb i gjer\u00eb i p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb raportin e k\u00ebtij viti, duke u kthyer n\u00eb vitin 1990, tregon se vdekjet e parakohshme p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb PM2.5 jan\u00eb shkurtuar me rreth gjysm\u00eb milioni vdekje t\u00eb parakohshme n\u00eb vit. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb zbatimit t\u00eb politikave evropiane t\u00eb cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb ajrit dhe futjes s\u00eb masave n\u00eb nivel komb\u00ebtar dhe lokal, t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb \u00e7uar, p\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebr makina m\u00eb t\u00eb pastra, apo industri dhe prodhim energjie ekologjike.<\/p>\n
\u201cNdotja e ajrit \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb vras\u00ebs i paduksh\u00ebm dhe ne duhet t\u00eb shtojm\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjet tona p\u00ebr t\u00eb adresuar shkaqet. Sa i p\u00ebrket ndotjes s\u00eb ajrit, shkarkimet e transportit rrugor jan\u00eb shpesh m\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebmshme se ato nga burime t\u00eb tjera, pasi ato ndodhin n\u00eb nivelin e tok\u00ebs dhe kan\u00eb tendenc\u00eb t\u00eb ndodhin n\u00eb qytete, af\u00ebr njer\u00ebzve. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb arsyeja pse \u00ebsht\u00eb kaq e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb Europa t\u00eb dyfishoj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjet e saj p\u00ebr t\u00eb reduktuar emetimet e shkaktuara nga transporti, energjia dhe bujq\u00ebsia dhe t\u00eb investoj\u00eb n\u00eb t\u2019i b\u00ebr\u00eb ato m\u00eb t\u00eb pastra dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme \u201c, tha Drejtori Ekzekutiv i ZEE, Hans Bruyninckx. \u201cTrajtimi i k\u00ebtyre sektor\u00ebve n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb integruar mund t\u00eb sjell\u00eb p\u00ebrfitime t\u00eb qarta p\u00ebr cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e ajrit dhe klim\u00ebs dhe do t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e sh\u00ebndetit dhe mir\u00ebqenies son\u00eb.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Tre shtete t\u00eb Ballkanit, Kosova, Serbia dhe Maqedonia kryesojn\u00eb n\u00eb Europ\u00eb p\u00ebr nivelin e lart\u00eb t\u00eb vdekjeve nga ndotja e ajrit, n\u00eb raport me popullsin\u00eb. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat, p\u00ebr vdekjet n\u00eb vler\u00eb absolute, jan\u00eb publikuar s\u00eb fundmi nga Agjencia Europiane e Mjedisit n\u00eb raportin \u201cCil\u00ebsia e ajrit n\u00eb Europ\u00eb \u2013 2018\u201d dhe jan\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuar nga Monitor […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26955,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-27927","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-lajme"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27927","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27927"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27927\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26955"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27927"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27927"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27927"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}