Gripi, i ashtuquajtur, i derrave (Swine Flu), \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebmundje akute e rrug\u00ebve t\u00eb frym\u00ebmarrjes, i shkaktuar nga viruse gripale t\u00eb tipit A, q\u00eb origjin\u00ebn e kan\u00eb nga derrat.<\/p>\n
Pandemia e Gripit A H1N1, i ashtuquajtur si gripi i derrave, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebmundje q\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb mjaft t\u00eb rrufeshme dhe shum\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb u b\u00eb problematika num\u00ebr nj\u00eb n\u00eb mbar\u00eb sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsin\u00eb bot\u00ebrore q\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb na intrigoi t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve me pyetjet se \u00e7far\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet \u00ebsht\u00eb e t\u00ebr\u00eb kjo situate? A \u00ebsht\u00eb rreziku potencial p\u00ebr pandemi?<\/p>\n
Edhe pse kemi t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb mjaftueshme p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb virus, me gjith\u00eb gjakftoht\u00ebsin\u00eb e ekspert\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos p\u00ebrhapur panik, deklaratat e OBSH-s\u00eb p\u00ebr shkall\u00ebn e alarmimit dhe poashtu mediat, kan\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb konfuzion n\u00eb lidhje me t\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb gjendje. Por duke par\u00eb situat\u00ebn se si \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvilluar n\u00eb vendet e tjera, si dhe nga shkalla e mortalitetit, mund t\u00eb themi se gjendja \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebn kontroll, edhepse rreziku \u00ebsht\u00eb aktual pasi q\u00eb askush nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i papreksh\u00ebm nga ky virus, qoft\u00eb i vaksinuar apo jo.<\/p>\n
Gripi, i ashtuquajtur, i derrit (Swine Flu), \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebmundje q\u00eb atakon sistemin respirator dhe e shkakton virusi i tipit A (H1N1) q\u00eb origjin\u00ebn e ka nga derrat. Ky virus b\u00ebn pjes\u00eb n\u00eb klas\u00ebn e ARN viruseve dhe i takon familjes s\u00eb Orthomyxoviridae, q\u00eb ka nj\u00eb madh\u00ebsi ose diamet\u00ebr prej 80-200 nm.<\/p>\n
Jan\u00eb tre tipe ose lloje t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre viruseve q\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb gripin: A, B dhe C, ku zakonisht m\u00eb i zakonshmi q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shkaktari m\u00eb i shpesht\u00eb i gripit ose influenc\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb tipi A, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb si pasoj e aft\u00ebsis\u00eb unike q\u00eb ka ky virus p\u00ebr t\u00eb q\u00ebndruar jasht\u00eb radarit t\u00eb imunitetit tek njer\u00ebzit nga nd\u00ebrrimet e vazhdueshme apo kontinuale t\u00eb struktur\u00ebs s\u00eb proteinave antigjenike (mutacioneve).<\/p>\n
N\u00eb vet llojin e virusit A ekzistojn\u00eb edhe subkategorit\u00eb e tipit A, ku ato dallohen n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb llojeve t\u00eb antigjeneve n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqen membranore q\u00eb jan\u00eb: H \u2013 haemagglutinina dhe N \u2013 neuraminidaza.<\/p>\n
Disa subkategori t\u00eb virusit t\u00eb tipit A jan\u00eb: virus A(H1N1), virusi A(H3N2), Avian flu virus A (H5N1), Canin flu virus A(H3N8), Equine flu virus A(H7N7) ku k\u00ebta dy t\u00eb fundit manifestohen vet\u00ebm tek nikoqir\u00ebt p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
Si shfaqet?<\/p>\n
Gripi i derrit \u00ebsht\u00eb s\u00ebmundje q\u00eb prek sistemin respirator t\u00eb derrave shkaktuar nga virusi A(H1N1) q\u00eb zakonisht i atakon derrat.<\/p>\n
Edhepse thuhet n\u00eb literatur\u00eb se infeksioni me virusin e gripit t\u00eb derrit nuk ndodh, megjithat\u00eb infeksioni me k\u00ebt\u00eb virus \u00ebsht\u00eb i mundur dhe shp\u00ebrhapja e k\u00ebtij virusi pastaj nga njeriu i prekur me virus n\u00eb njer\u00ebzit e tjer\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb fakt q\u00eb po dokumentohet dhe po ndodh realisht. K\u00ebsaj i ndihmon si\u00e7 e dim\u00eb nga njohurit\u00eb paraprake se, virusi i gripit e nd\u00ebrron form\u00ebn ose struktur\u00ebn antigjenike, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb, praktikisht jemi t\u00eb pambrojtur sikurse q\u00eb jemi edhe p\u00ebr gripin e zakonsh\u00ebm sezonal (si pasoj\u00eb e k\u00ebsaj edhe vaksinimi nuk na krijon nj\u00eb mbrojtje t\u00eb sigurt).<\/p>\n
Shfaqja e gripit t\u00eb derrit \u00ebsht\u00eb menduar se b\u00ebhet (shp\u00ebrhapet) n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn m\u00ebnyr\u00eb sikurse edhe gripi sezonal me rrug\u00eb aerogjene (aerosole) nga kollitja dhe teshtitja e personave t\u00eb s\u00ebmur\u00eb me virusin e gripit p\u00ebrmes ajrit. Te ky grip infeksioni mund t\u00eb ndodh edhe me prekjen e objekteve t\u00eb infektuara m\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb virus.<\/p>\n
Simptomat te gripi i derrit jan\u00eb pothuajse t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta ose shum\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme me ato t\u00eb gripit t\u00eb zakonsh\u00ebm (sezonal). S\u00ebmundja fillon nj\u00eb apo dy dit\u00eb q\u00eb nga infeksioni me k\u00ebt\u00eb virus d.m.th koha e inkubacionit \u00ebsht\u00eb zakonisht dy dit\u00eb, por mund t\u00eb shkojn\u00eb edhe deri n\u00eb pes\u00eb dit\u00eb; simptomat mund t\u00eb shfaqen p\u00ebrnj\u00ebher\u00eb dhe me t\u00ebr\u00eb ekspresivitetin e tyre apo var\u00ebsisht nga rastet te personat me nj\u00eb imunitet t\u00eb ruajtur mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb ose shfaqen me intensitet m\u00eb t\u00eb leht\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Simptomat e gripit t\u00eb derrit jan\u00eb:<\/p>\n
* Temperatura, e cila pothuajse \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7do her\u00eb prezente me vlera mbi 39.4\u00b0C n\u00eb 12 or\u00ebt e para
\n* Ftohje (acarim)
\n* Dhimbje t\u00eb kok\u00ebs
\n* Dhimbje t\u00eb muskujve
\n* Humbje t\u00eb apetitit
\n* Molisje (lodhje ekstreme)
\n* Skuqje dhe djegie e syve
\n* Z\u00ebnie dhe shkuarje hund\u00ebsh
\n* Koll\u00eb e that\u00eb
\n* Dhembje gryke (fyti)
\n* Te disa raste po lajm\u00ebrohen edhe marramendja, vjellje dhe diarreja.<\/p>\n
Simptomat akute t\u00eb gripit jan\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuese p\u00ebr t\u00eb s\u00ebmurin e atakuar nga virusi edhe n\u00eb rastin m\u00eb t\u00eb leht\u00eb, gj\u00eb q\u00eb shpesh i shtyn t\u00eb prekurit nga gripi q\u00eb t\u00eb lajm\u00ebrohen te mjeku. Zakonisht t\u00eb s\u00ebmur\u00ebt p\u00ebrjetojn\u00eb nj\u00eb acarim t\u00eb p\u00ebrnj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm t\u00eb s\u00ebmundjes me temperature t\u00eb lart\u00eb (gjendje febrile, molisje, plog\u00ebshti, kolla paroksizmike (konvulzive), dhimbje koke dhe dhembje t\u00eb muskujve apo t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb trupit q\u00eb fillojn\u00eb 12-72 or\u00ebt e para.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr shkak se virusi i gripit prek (infekton) mukozat ose epitelin respirator t\u00eb hund\u00ebs dhe sinus\u00ebve paranazal dhe t\u00ebr\u00eb rrug\u00ebt e frym\u00ebmarrjes deri n\u00eb alveola do t\u00eb na shfaqen simptomat dhe shenjat e rinitit, faringitit, laringitit, tracheobronkiti ose edhe pneumonia virale. Pacient\u00ebt jan\u00eb t\u00eb lodhur, t\u00eb molisur, me sy t\u00eb p\u00ebrndezur dhe t\u00eb njom\u00eb, me rrjedhje t\u00eb kthjell\u00ebt nga hunda, mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb edhe dhimbje n\u00eb vesh, dhimbje t\u00eb gryk\u00ebs, humbje t\u00eb z\u00ebrit (shterim), dhimbje gjat\u00eb kollitjes s\u00eb sforcuar.<\/p>\n
Dhembja e muskujve mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb e gjeneralizuar dhe e ashp\u00ebr q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruhet si \u201cm\u00eb jan\u00eb k\u00ebputur k\u00ebmb\u00ebt \u2026 apo i t\u00ebr\u00eb trupi\u201d, dhimbja e kok\u00ebs mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb poashtu shum\u00eb e fort\u00eb dhe e shoq\u00ebruar me l\u00ebvizje retrobulbare t\u00eb syve e shoq\u00ebruar me fotofobi, dhe n\u00eb disa raste kemi edhe prezenc\u00ebn e marramendjes, t\u00eb vjella dhe diarre.<\/p>\n
Me ekzaminim fizik v\u00ebrejm\u00eb se kemi temperatur\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb q\u00eb kalon edhe mbi 39\u00b0C gjat\u00eb dit\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb ,ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht te f\u00ebmij\u00ebt. Fytyra zakonisht \u00ebsht\u00eb e skuqur e p\u00ebrndezur (hiperemeke) me l\u00ebkur\u00eb t\u00eb nxeht\u00eb dhe e njom\u00eb (e lag\u00ebsht). Konjunktivat, membrana timpanike dhe flegrat e hund\u00ebs po ashtu jan\u00eb t\u00eb inflamuara. Tek f\u00ebmij\u00ebt mund t\u00eb kemi prezent edhe Lymphadenitis.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb rastet kur kemi v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi n\u00eb frym\u00ebmarrje, poashtu gul\u00e7itje dhe k\u00ebrcitje gjat\u00eb frym\u00ebmarrjes, tachikardi, tachipne dhe hypoxemi, na b\u00ebn t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb se kemi komplikime me infeksione sekondare (komplikacione) q\u00eb jan\u00eb shkaqet e p\u00ebrfundimit me vdekje t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre rasteve.<\/p>\n
Diagnostikimi<\/p>\n
Hapi i par\u00eb n\u00eb diagnostikimin e s\u00ebmundjes \u00ebsht\u00eb anamneza, ku nga t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat q\u00eb ne i marrim, na d\u00ebrgojn\u00eb deri te nj\u00eb diagnostikim i shpejt\u00eb, kjo b\u00ebhet me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitojm\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00eb. Mir\u00ebpo, duhet t\u00eb jemi t\u00eb v\u00ebmendsh\u00ebm sepse simptomat e lartp\u00ebrmendura jan\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme edhe me s\u00ebmundjet, si, pneumonia, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb p\u00ebrve\u00e7 anamnez\u00ebs dhe ekzaminimit fizik b\u00ebhen:<\/p>\n
* Teste virusologjike (strishoja nazofaringeale)
\n* grafia e mushk\u00ebrive
\n* testet laboratorike<\/p>\n
Deri te diagnoza virologjike arrihet me: mbjelljen e kulturave virale, detektimin e antigjeneve, detektimine ARN me an\u00eb t\u00eb PCR (Real Time PCR) dhe analizave serologjike<\/p>\n
Testet e shpejta p\u00ebr diagnostikimin e gripit t\u00eb derrit jan\u00eb:<\/p>\n
* Imunofluoreshenca me \u00e7\u2019ngjyroje t\u00eb antitrupave DFA
\n* Metoda e RETCIFtm testit q\u00eb na mund\u00ebson detektimin e virusit A H1N1 apo ndonj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr virus n\u00eb koh\u00eb q\u00eb nuk kalon m\u00eb shum\u00eb se tri or\u00eb. Testi \u00ebsht\u00eb i thjesht\u00eb, si material p\u00ebrdoret strishoja nga pacienti. Ekspert\u00ebt q\u00eb zbuluan k\u00ebt\u00eb metod\u00eb thon\u00eb q\u00eb testi \u00ebsht\u00eb pothuajse 100 % i sigurt n\u00eb kapjen, detektimin e viruseve t\u00eb gjall\u00eb, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast virusit A H1N1.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb rastet kur dyshojm\u00eb apo kemi komplikime, b\u00ebhen edhe analizat, si analizat biokimike, hemogrami dhe radiografia e mushk\u00ebrive. \/Telegrafi\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Gripi, i ashtuquajtur, i derrave (Swine Flu), \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebmundje akute e rrug\u00ebve t\u00eb frym\u00ebmarrjes, i shkaktuar nga viruse gripale t\u00eb tipit A, q\u00eb origjin\u00ebn e kan\u00eb nga derrat. Pandemia e Gripit A H1N1, i ashtuquajtur si gripi i derrave, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebmundje q\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb mjaft t\u00eb rrufeshme dhe shum\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb u b\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":33558,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-33594","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-lajme"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33594","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33594"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33594\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33558"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33594"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33594"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33594"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}