{"id":41779,"date":"2019-07-30T10:45:09","date_gmt":"2019-07-30T10:45:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/?p=41779"},"modified":"2019-07-30T10:45:09","modified_gmt":"2019-07-30T10:45:09","slug":"tregtia-zejtaria-bujqesia-e-blegtoria-ne-kazane-e-gjilanit-ne-fillim-te-shekullit-xx","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/tregtia-zejtaria-bujqesia-e-blegtoria-ne-kazane-e-gjilanit-ne-fillim-te-shekullit-xx\/","title":{"rendered":"Tregtia, zejtaria, bujq\u00ebsia e blegtoria n\u00eb kazan\u00eb e Gjilanit n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shekullit XX"},"content":{"rendered":"

Shkruan: Enver Sadiku<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Nga pik\u00ebpamja e zejtaris\u00eb dhe tregtis\u00eb, banor\u00ebt e kazas\u00eb s\u00eb Gjilanit me rrethin\u00eb nuk ishin t\u00eb zhvilluar n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shekullit XX. Shumica prej tyre merreshin me zeje manifakturore si: bakalli, terzi, kundraxhi, kova\u00e7\u00eb, qilimxhi e litarxhi. Tregtia b\u00ebhej edhe me gj\u00eb prej leshi e lini.[1] N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shekullit XX, n\u00eb Gjilan ishte formuar shtresa shoq\u00ebrore e tregtar\u00ebve dhe zejtar\u00ebve t\u00eb im\u00ebt, me \u00e7ka kishte ndryshuar shtresa sociale e popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb qytetit, e nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i tregtar\u00ebve gjilanas ishin me origjin\u00eb nga familjet e pasura feudale, q\u00eb krahas tregtis\u00eb merreshin edhe me bujq\u00ebsi e blegtori.[2] Importet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb qytet p\u00ebrb\u00ebnin kryesisht sende koloniale, nd\u00ebrsa eksportet ishin drith\u00eb, l\u00ebkura, lesh e litar\u00eb. Rrushi dhe duhani vinin nga kazat\u00eb aty af\u00ebr. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koh\u00eb, Gjilani kishte 30 mij\u00eb dynym\u00eb* katror\u00eb pyje.[3]<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb qytet, m\u00eb 15 maj dhe m\u00eb 20 qershor p\u00ebr \u00e7do vit b\u00ebhej nga nj\u00eb panair (pangjyri) p\u00ebr gj\u00ebn\u00eb e gjall\u00eb, ku vinin tregtar\u00eb e zejtar\u00eb nga rrethina dhe nga vise m\u00eb t\u00eb larg\u00ebta.[4] Pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e banor\u00ebve t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj ane merrej me bujq\u00ebsi e blegtori, ngase Kazaja e Gjilanit q\u00eb shtrihej p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb lumit Morav\u00eb e Bin\u00e7\u00ebs kishte tok\u00eb pjellore, gj\u00eb q\u00eb bujq\u00ebsin\u00eb e b\u00ebnte deg\u00eb kryesore me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn merrej popullata. Toka e punueshme ishte shum\u00eb prodhuese dhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koh\u00eb, nuk kishte cep toke q\u00eb nuk punohej. Veprimtari kryesore bujq\u00ebsore e banor\u00ebve ishin prodhimi i drith\u00ebrave t\u00eb zakonshme. Fshatar\u00ebsia ishte aktive n\u00eb pun\u00eb, kurse veglat e pun\u00ebs ishin private. Fshatar\u00ebt visheshin me stof-p\u00eblhur\u00eb q\u00eb i endnin grat\u00eb. N\u00eb Kazan\u00eb e Gjilanit, numri i fshatar\u00ebve q\u00eb merrej me bujq\u00ebsi sillej n\u00eb rreth 15 mij\u00eb vet\u00eb, prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve 12 mij\u00eb ishin vet\u00eb pronar\u00eb e 3 mij\u00eb ishin ortak\u00eb.[5]<\/p>\n

N\u00eb viset kodrinore-malore t\u00eb Gollakut e Karadakut, q\u00eb ishin kryesisht m\u00eb t\u00eb varfra, popullata merrej me blegtori. N\u00eb k\u00ebto an\u00eb ende nuk kishin dep\u00ebrtuar marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet feudalo-\u00e7ifligare, andaj fshatrat kishin ruajtur pron\u00ebn e vog\u00ebl private me pak tok\u00eb t\u00eb punueshme, e edhe prania e pushtetit osman ishte m\u00eb formale.[6] N\u00eb rrethin e Gjilanit kishte nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh t\u00eb minierave.[7] Sipas sh\u00ebnimeve t\u00eb sallnames\u00eb t\u00eb Vilajetit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebr vitin 1899, n\u00eb Kazan\u00eb s\u00eb Gjilanit gjendeshin k\u00ebto miniera: Novob\u00ebrda, Jasenoviku, Mareci, Zhitia, Uglari, Koretishta, Kishnapola dhe Sllakoci. Aty nxirrej kromi, llasteri, plumbi, nikeli, ari etj., nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e t\u00eb cilave eksploatoheshin dhe xehja bartej n\u00eb Lypjan p\u00ebr bartje t\u00eb m\u00ebtutjeshme me tren, nga ku bartej n\u00eb vende t\u00eb tjera.[8]<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koh\u00eb Kazaja e Gjilanit kishte nj\u00eb kapital prej 23.440 grosh\u00ebve, kurse Arka e bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb 1.063.022 grosh\u00ebve dhe ajo e jetim\u00ebve 83.251 grosh\u00ebve.[9]N\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvjet\u00ebshin e par\u00eb t\u00eb shekullit XX, gjendja ekonomike e Gjilanit me rrethin\u00eb ishte mjaft e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb. Gjendja ekonomike ishte keq\u00ebsuar shum\u00eb nga luftimet e zhvilluara viteve t\u00eb fundit si kund\u00ebr pushtetit osman, ashtu edhe kund\u00ebr atij serb. Popullsia e k\u00ebsaj treve vazhdonte q\u00eb veprimtari kryesore ta kishte bujq\u00ebsin\u00eb e blegtorin\u00eb. Si karakteristik\u00eb e Gjilanit, p\u00ebr dallim nga viset tjera, ishte edhe kultivimi i duhanit. N\u00eb qytetin e Gjilanit popullsia vazhdonte t\u00eb merrej edhe me zejtari e tregti. N\u00eb Gjilan ushtroheshin zeje t\u00eb ndryshme, por m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti kishte: sara\u00e7\u00eb (l\u00ebkur\u00ebpunues), or\u00ebndreq\u00ebs, tyfekxhinj\u00eb, nallban\u00eb, vorb\u00ebtar etj.[10] Me pushtimin e Vilajetit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs dhe viseve t\u00eb tjera shqiptare nga pushteti serb n\u00eb vitin 1912, pos shp\u00ebrnguljes s\u00eb nj\u00eb pjese t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb p\u00ebr n\u00eb Turqi, n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri e gjetiu, pasoi edhe nj\u00eb shkat\u00ebrrim i ekonomis\u00eb, pla\u00e7kitja e pronave shqiptare nga pushteti dhe kolon\u00ebt serb\u00eb, q\u00eb tashm\u00eb po vendoseshin n\u00eb vendbanimet shqiptare e t\u00eb tjera.[11] K\u00ebshtu pas hyrjes s\u00eb forcave serbe n\u00eb territorin e Kazas\u00eb dhe viset tjera shqiptare, p\u00ebrpos vrasjeve u b\u00ebn\u00eb edhe pla\u00e7kitje t\u00eb shumta. Oficer\u00ebt e trupat serbe vet\u00eb l\u00ebvdoheshin p\u00ebr m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si kryenin pla\u00e7kitjet e k\u00ebt\u00eb e d\u00ebshmojn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e koh\u00ebs, t\u00eb bartura nga vet\u00eb autor\u00ebt e k\u00ebtyre akteve: \u201cGrat\u00eb shpesh i fshihnin stolit\u00eb e veta dhe nuk donin t\u00eb na i dor\u00ebzonin. N\u00eb t\u00eb tilla raste e vrisnim nj\u00eb an\u00ebtar t\u00eb familjes dhe menj\u00ebher\u00eb na i dor\u00ebzonin t\u00eb gjitha sendet me vler\u00eb\u201d.[12]<\/p>\n

Marr\u00eb nga libri \u201cGjilani me rrethin\u00eb gjat\u00eb Luft\u00ebrave Ballkanike 1912 \u2013 1913\u201d i autorit Enver Sadiku<\/p>\n

[1] Selmani, A. art. i p\u00ebrm., f. 281 \u2013 291.<\/p>\n

[2] Selmani, A., vep. e p\u00ebrm., f. 42.<\/p>\n

* Dynym (turq.) \u2013 nj\u00ebsi mat\u00ebse e sip\u00ebrfaqes s\u00eb tok\u00ebs n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e P. Osmane (1 dynym \u00ebsht\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqja e barabart\u00eb me 1000 m2).<\/p>\n

[3] AIH, A-IV-93, f. 36.<\/p>\n

[4] AIH, A-IV-93, f. 36.<\/p>\n

[5] Po aty.<\/p>\n

[6] Halimi \u2013 Statovci, D., 1974. Gjilani, struktura dhe funksioni si qend\u00ebr regjionale. N\u00eb Kosova III. Prishtin\u00eb: Instituti i Historis\u00eb, f. 304.<\/p>\n

[7] AIH, A-IV-93, f. 36<\/p>\n

[8] Osmani, J., 2004. Vendbanimet e Kosov\u00ebs 6 \u2013 Gjilani, Prishtin\u00eb: Shkrola, f. 42.<\/p>\n

[9] AIH, A-IV-93, f. 36-37.<\/p>\n

[10] Rushiti, L., vep. e p\u00ebrm., f. 89 \u2013 90.<\/p>\n

[11] Osmani, J., vep. e p\u00ebrm., f. 42.<\/p>\n

[12] Freundlich, L., 2010. Golgota e Shqipnis\u00eb akuz\u00eb kund\u00ebr shfaros\u00ebsve t\u00eb popullit shqiptar, Prishtin\u00eb: Rrokullia, f. 37.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Shkruan: Enver Sadiku Nga pik\u00ebpamja e zejtaris\u00eb dhe tregtis\u00eb, banor\u00ebt e kazas\u00eb s\u00eb Gjilanit me rrethin\u00eb nuk ishin t\u00eb zhvilluar n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shekullit XX. Shumica prej tyre merreshin me zeje manifakturore si: bakalli, terzi, kundraxhi, kova\u00e7\u00eb, qilimxhi e litarxhi. Tregtia b\u00ebhej edhe me gj\u00eb prej leshi e lini.[1] N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shekullit XX, n\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":41781,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-41779","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-lajme"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41779","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41779"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41779\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/41781"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41779"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41779"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41779"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}