Epidemiologu Lul Raka ka shpjeguar n\u00eb faqen e tij n\u00eb Facebook n\u00eb detaje se cfar\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb lloji i ri i virusi Covid-19.<\/p>\n
Varianti i ri tashm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb konfirmuar n\u00eb Britani t\u00eb Madhe nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb thuhet se qarkullon shum\u00eb m\u00eb shpejt.<\/p>\n
Ky variant i ri i SARS-CoV-2, referuar si SARS-CoV-2 VUI 202012\/01 (\u201cVariant Under Investigation\u201d, viti 2020, muaji 12, varianti 01), \u00ebsht\u00eb identifikuar p\u00ebrmes sekuencionimit gjenomik n\u00eb Mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb e Bashkuar. Ky variant i ri p\u00ebrcaktohet nga mutacione t\u00eb shumta t\u00eb proteinave t\u00eb virusit, t\u00eb cilat ndodhen n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqen e tij dhe kan\u00eb form\u00ebn e xhembave apo thumbave (delecionet 69-70, 144, N501Y, A570D, D614G, P681H, T716I, S982A, D1118H) si dhe mutacionet n\u00eb rajone t\u00eb tjera gjenomike.\u201d, shkruan Raka. <\/p>\n
Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb statusi i plot\u00eb i tij:<\/p>\n
VARIANTI I RI I SARS-COV-2<\/p>\n
EPIDEMIOLOGJIA<\/p>\n
Gjat\u00eb jav\u00ebve t\u00eb fundit, Britania e Madhe \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrballur me nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb rasteve me COVID-19, e cila u shoq\u00ebrua me shfaqjen e nj\u00eb varianti t\u00eb ri n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb zon\u00eb n\u00eb N\u00ebntor 2020. Rastet e raportuara t\u00eb COVID-19 n\u00eb lidhje me variantin e ri jan\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruar n\u00eb Kent dhe m\u00eb gjer\u00eb n\u00eb Anglin\u00eb Juglindore .<\/p>\n
Ky variant i ri i SARS-CoV-2, referuar si SARS-CoV-2 VUI 202012\/01 (\u201cVariant Under Investigation\u201d, viti 2020, muaji 12, varianti 01), \u00ebsht\u00eb identifikuar p\u00ebrmes sekuencionimit gjenomik n\u00eb Mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb e Bashkuar. Ky variant i ri p\u00ebrcaktohet nga mutacione t\u00eb shumta t\u00eb proteinave t\u00eb virusit, t\u00eb cilat ndodhen n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqen e tij dhe kan\u00eb form\u00ebn e xhembave apo thumbave (delecionet 69-70, 144, N501Y, A570D, D614G, P681H, T716I, S982A, D1118H) si dhe mutacionet n\u00eb rajone t\u00eb tjera gjenomike.<\/p>\n
Raste t\u00eb tilla jan\u00eb raportuar edhe n\u00eb Danimark\u00eb (9 raste), Belgjik\u00eb (4 raste) dhe Holand\u00eb e Australi me nga nj\u00eb rast.<\/p>\n
SI U KRIJUA VARIANTI I RI I VIRUSIT SARS-COV-2?<\/p>\n
Ende nuk dihen detajet e plota t\u00eb patogjenez\u00ebs s\u00eb k\u00ebtyre ndryshimeve, por ekzistojn\u00eb disa supozime fillestare t\u00eb shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebve.<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb shpjegim i mundsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr shfaqjen e variantit t\u00eb ri \u00ebsht\u00eb infeksioni i zgjatur me SARS-CoV-2 n\u00eb nj\u00eb pacient t\u00eb vet\u00ebm, potencialisht me imunokompetenc\u00eb t\u00eb zvog\u00ebluar. Infeksioni i till\u00eb i zgjatur mund t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb akumulimin e mutacioneve t\u00eb quajtura \u201cescape mutations\u201d.<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb shpjegim tjet\u00ebr i mundsh\u00ebm mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb procesi i adaptimit t\u00eb virusit q\u00eb ndodh n\u00eb nj\u00eb specie t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb kafsh\u00ebve t\u00eb ndjeshme dhe m\u00eb pas kalon te njer\u00ebzit. Kjo \u00e7oi n\u00eb shfaqjen e nj\u00eb varianti me mutacione t\u00eb shumta t\u00eb proteinave xhembore (duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb mutacionin R45D Y453F dhe fshirjen 69-70) n\u00eb Danimark\u00eb gjat\u00eb transmetimit nd\u00ebrmjet kafsh\u00ebve t\u00eb grupit t\u00eb mustelid\u00ebve. Britania e Madhe i ka raportuar ECDC dhe Zyr\u00ebs Rajonale t\u00eb OBSH-s\u00eb p\u00ebr Evrop\u00ebn se nuk ka ndonj\u00eb lidhje t\u00eb qart\u00eb epidemiologjike nd\u00ebrmjet variantit t\u00eb ri dhe kafsh\u00ebve.<\/p>\n
S\u00eb fundmi, \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu e mundur q\u00eb varianti i ri t\u00eb jet\u00eb shfaqur p\u00ebrmes qarkullimit n\u00eb vendet, t\u00eb cilat nuk kan\u00eb mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb sekuencionimin gjenetik.<\/p>\n
\u00c7FAR\u00cb NDIKIMI MUND T\u00cb KET\u00cb N\u00cb SH\u00cbNDETIN E NJERIUT ?<\/p>\n
Informatat e tanishme bazohen n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e kufizuara dhe vler\u00ebsimi do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsohet posa t\u00eb sigurohen informata dhe detaje t\u00eb reja shkencore.<\/p>\n
Viruset vazhdimisht ndryshojn\u00eb p\u00ebrmes mutacionit dhe shfaqja e nj\u00eb varianti t\u00eb ri \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb dukuri e pritshme. SARS-CoV-2 \u00ebsht\u00eb ARN virus dhe mutacionet ndodhin si fenomen natyror gjat\u00eb shum\u00ebzimit t\u00eb virusit. Tashm\u00eb ka pasur af\u00ebr 4000 mutacione n\u00eb protein\u00ebn xhembore, por vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb num\u00ebr shum\u00eb i vog\u00ebl i tyre kan\u00eb patur r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi n\u00eb ndryshimin e virusit.<\/p>\n
Shumica e mutacioneve q\u00eb shfaqen tek virusi, nuk do t\u2019i japin ndonj\u00eb p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsi selektive virusit. Sidoqoft\u00eb, disa mutacione ose kombinime t\u00eb mutacioneve mund t\u2019ia sigurojn\u00eb virusit nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsi selektive, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb transmetimi i rritur p\u00ebrmes rritjes s\u00eb lidhjes me receptor\u00ebt.<\/p>\n
A MUND T\u00cb P\u00cbRHAPET M\u00cb GJER\u00cb KY VARIANT?<\/p>\n
Analizat e para n\u00eb MB sugjerojn\u00eb se varianti i ri p\u00ebrhapet shum\u00eb m\u00eb shpejt duke rritur numrin riprodhues (R) me 0.4 ose nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapjes deri n\u00eb 70%.<\/p>\n
Ky variant i ri \u00ebsht\u00eb shfaqur n\u00eb nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb t\u00eb vitit kur tradicionalisht shtohen duksh\u00ebm kontaktet familjare, kontaktet shoq\u00ebrore dhe udh\u00ebtimet p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb festave t\u00eb fundvitit.<\/p>\n
A NDIKON N\u00cb DIAGNOZ\u00cbN E SARS-COV-2?<\/p>\n
Britania e Madhe raporton se mutacioni p\u00ebrmes delecionit 69-70 n\u00eb protein\u00ebn xhembore t\u00eb variantit t\u00eb ri ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb rezultate negative t\u00eb PCR nga analizat e gjenit S-RT-PCR n\u00eb disa laboratore.<\/p>\n
Analizat laboratorike q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin gjenin S nuk p\u00ebrdoren gjer\u00ebsisht n\u00eb diagnostik\u00eb. Fokusimi vet\u00ebm n\u00eb gjenin S p\u00ebr zbulimin primar t\u00eb infeksionit me SARS-CoV-2 duke p\u00ebrdorur RT-PCR nuk rekomandohet sepse mutacionet ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb t\u00eb ndodhin n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb gjen.<\/p>\n
A MUND T\u00cb SHKAKTOJ\u00cb S\u00cbMUNDJE M\u00cb T\u00cb R\u00cbND\u00cb?<\/p>\n
Informacioni n\u00eb dispozicion n\u00eb lidhje me ashp\u00ebrsin\u00eb e variantit t\u00eb ri t\u00eb virusit \u00ebsht\u00eb i kufizuar. Deri tani nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb raportuar se ky variant ka nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb s\u00ebmundshm\u00ebrie, vdekshm\u00ebrie dhe as nuk prek m\u00eb shum\u00eb grupe t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta. Rastet me variantin VUI 202012\/01 jan\u00eb identifikuar kryesisht n\u00eb njer\u00ebz m\u00eb t\u00eb rinj se 60 vje\u00e7.<\/p>\n
Mutacionet q\u00eb e b\u00ebjn\u00eb virusin m\u00eb infektiv nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e th\u00ebn\u00eb ta b\u00ebjn\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb rreziksh\u00ebm. Momentalisht, nuk ka d\u00ebshmi se ky variant \u00ebsht\u00eb klinikisht m\u00eb i rreziksh\u00ebm sesa variantet paraprake. Por, vler\u00ebsimi sfidohet nga fakti se shumica e rasteve jan\u00eb raportuar tek personat n\u00ebn 60 vje\u00e7, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt zakonisht kan\u00eb m\u00eb pak gjasa t\u00eb ken\u00eb simptomatologji t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Asnj\u00eb nga variantet e p\u00ebrshkruara m\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb SARS-CoV-2 nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb treguar se shkakton rritjen e ashp\u00ebrsis\u00eb s\u00eb infeksionit. P.sh. varianti D614G q\u00eb pat shkaktuar p\u00ebrhapje m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe gjat\u00eb ver\u00ebs nuk ka qen\u00eb shkaktar i shfaqjes s\u00eb s\u00ebmundjes me pasqyr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb klinike.<\/p>\n
A MUND T\u00cb NDIKOJ\u00cb N\u00cb RRITJEN E RI-INFEKSIONEVE?<\/p>\n
Bazuar n\u00eb numrin dhe vendndodhjen e mutacioneve t\u00eb proteinave xhembore, duket se ka gjas\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb shihet nj\u00eb pak\u00ebsim i neutralizimit nga antitrupat, por ende nuk ka d\u00ebshmi se ka nj\u00eb ndikim q\u00eb rezulton n\u00eb rritjen e rrezikut p\u00ebr ri-infektim.<\/p>\n
A DO T\u00cb NDIKOJ\u00cb N\u00cb EFEKTIVITETIN E VAKSINAVE?<\/p>\n
Varianti i ri i virusit shfaq disa mutacione n\u00eb protein\u00ebn xhembore, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb k\u00ebtu edhe vendin e lidhjes s\u00eb receptorit. Shumica e vaksinave t\u00eb reja bazohen n\u00eb sekuenc\u00ebn e proteinave xhembore.<\/p>\n
Por, vaksinat prodhojn\u00eb antitrupa ndaj shum\u00eb regjioneve t\u00eb protein\u00ebs xhembore, prandaj \u00ebsht\u00eb pak e besueshme se nj\u00eb ndryshim i vet\u00ebm do ta b\u00ebnte vaksin\u00ebn m\u00eb pak efikase.<\/p>\n
\u00cbsht\u00eb e domosdoshme t\u00eb monitorohen ndryshimet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb protein\u00eb midis llojeve qarkulluese SARS-CoV-2 dhe t\u00eb vler\u00ebsohen ndryshimet e mundshme antigjenike. Do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb kryhet mbik\u00ebqyrja e efektivitetit n\u00eb terren t\u00eb vaksinave COVID-19 n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim.<\/p>\n
\u00c7FAR\u00cb MASASH DUHET ND\u00cbRMARR\u00cb P\u00cbR PARANDALIM?<\/p>\n
Qeveria e Skocis\u00eb njoftoi p\u00ebr nj\u00eb ndales\u00eb t\u00eb udh\u00ebtimeve nd\u00ebrmjet Skocis\u00eb dhe pjes\u00ebs tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb Mbret\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Bashkuar nga 26 Dhjetori. Holanda l\u00ebshoi nj\u00eb ndalim udh\u00ebtimi nga MB prej 20.12.2020, kurse Belgjika ndaloi fluturimin dhe udh\u00ebtimin me tren p\u00ebr n\u00eb MB nga 20.12.2020.<\/p>\n
Nevojiten masa q\u00eb nd\u00ebrmerren me koh\u00eb t\u00eb duhur n\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar dhe kontrolluar p\u00ebrhapjen e variantit t\u00eb ri:<\/p>\n
\u2022 Personat q\u00eb kan\u00eb \u00e7far\u00ebdo lidhje epidemiologjike me rastet me variantin m\u00eb t\u00eb ri t\u00eb virusit ose histori udh\u00ebtimesh n\u00eb zonat e prekura duhet t\u00eb identifikohen menj\u00ebher\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u testuar, izoluar dhe ndjekur kontaktet e tyre.<\/p>\n
\u2022 T\u00eb respektohen rrept\u00ebsisht masat parandaluese.<\/p>\n
\u2022 T\u00eb shmangen udh\u00ebtimet nga zona e prekur ose n\u00eb zon\u00ebn e prekur dhe t\u00eb shmangen aktivitetet sociale joesenciale.<\/p>\n
\u2022 Laborator\u00ebt duhet t\u00eb rishikojn\u00eb performanc\u00ebn e PCR dhe t\u00eb shmangin diagnoz\u00ebn q\u00eb bazohet vet\u00ebm p\u00ebrmes gjenit S.<\/p>\n
\u2022 Duhet t\u00eb mbikqyren rastet e dyshuara t\u00eb ri-infektimit t\u00eb COVID-19, duke b\u00ebr\u00eb sekuencionimin e menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm t\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n
\u2022 Me zbatimin e vaksinimit, duhet t\u00eb sigurohet nj\u00eb monitorim i ngusht\u00eb i individ\u00ebve t\u00eb vaksinuar COVID-19 p\u00ebr t\u00eb identifikuar d\u00ebshtimet e mundshme t\u00eb vaksinimit.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Epidemiologu Lul Raka ka shpjeguar n\u00eb faqen e tij n\u00eb Facebook n\u00eb detaje se cfar\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb lloji i ri i virusi Covid-19. Varianti i ri tashm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb konfirmuar n\u00eb Britani t\u00eb Madhe nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb thuhet se qarkullon shum\u00eb m\u00eb shpejt. Ky variant i ri i SARS-CoV-2, referuar si SARS-CoV-2 VUI 202012\/01 (\u201cVariant Under Investigation\u201d, viti […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":71009,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-71008","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-lajme"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71008","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71008"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71008\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/71009"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71008"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71008"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71008"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}