N\u00cb KOSOV\u00cb NUK KA VIRUS T\u00cb NILIT PER\u00cbNDIMOR!<\/p>\n
Qytetar t\u00eb nderuar!<\/p>\n
Kujdes nga pickimi i mushkajave!<\/p>\n
Virusi i Nilit per\u00ebndimor, i cili tashm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shfaqur n\u00eb vendet e Balkanit, Mediteranit dhe n\u00eb Europ\u00eb, ka b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb ekspert\u00eb t\u00eb Institutit Komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsis\u00eb Publike t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, t\u00eb shtojn\u00eb gatishm\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb parandalimin e shfaqjes s\u00eb s\u00ebmundjes.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb Kosov\u00eb nuk ka akoma raste t\u00eb raportuara, por duke pasur parasysh rrezikshm\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e p\u00ebrhapjes se virusit t\u00eb Nilit Per\u00ebndimor, jemi duke v\u00ebzhguar situat\u00ebn epidemiologjike n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb por edhe t\u00eb shteteve fqinje. <\/p>\n
\u2022 Virusi i Nilit per\u00ebndimor mund t\u00eb shkaktoj s\u00ebmundje fatale neurologjike te njer\u00ebzit
\n\u2022 Megjith\u00ebse, p\u00ebraf\u00ebrsisht 80% e njer\u00ebzve q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb infektuar nuk tregojn\u00eb asnj\u00eb simptom\u00eb.
\n\u2022 Virusi i Nilit per\u00ebndimor transmetohet tek njer\u00ebzit kryesisht n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet pickimit t\u00eb mushkonjave
\n\u2022 Virusi mund t\u00eb shkaktoj s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb dhe ngordhje tek kuajt.
\n\u2022 Vaksinat p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorim tek kuajt jan\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorim por jo ende n\u00eb dispozicion p\u00ebr tek njer\u00ebzit.
\n\u2022 Zogjt\u00eb jan\u00eb bart\u00ebs natyral t\u00eb virusit t\u00eb Nilit per\u00ebndimor.
\nVNP mund t\u00eb shkaktoj s\u00ebmundje neurologjike dhe vdekje tek njer\u00ebzit.<\/p>\n
VNP zakonisht gjendet n\u00eb Afrik\u00eb, Evrop\u00eb, Lindjen e Mesme, Amerik\u00ebn Veriore dhe Azin\u00eb Per\u00ebndimore por raportohen raste edhe ne Balkan dhe Mediteran. VNP \u00ebsht\u00eb ruajtur n\u00eb natyr\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet ciklit i cili p\u00ebrfshin\u00eb transmetimin n\u00eb mes zogjve dhe mushkonjave. Njer\u00ebzit, kuajt dhe gjitar\u00ebt tjer\u00eb mund t\u00eb infektohen. <\/p>\n
Q\u00eb nga paraqitja n\u00eb vitin 1999 n\u00eb SHBA, virusi \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrhapur edhe n\u00eb Kanada deri n\u00eb Venezuel\u00eb.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebrhapja<\/p>\n
Infeksioni tek njer\u00ebzit kryesisht \u00ebsht\u00eb rezultat i pickimit nga mushkonjat e infektuara.<\/p>\n
Mushkonjat infektohen pasi ushqehen me gjakun e zogjve t\u00eb infektuar, t\u00eb cilat qarkullojn\u00eb virusin n\u00eb gjakun e tyre p\u00ebr disa dit\u00eb. <\/p>\n
Virusi p\u00ebrfundimisht futet n\u00eb gj\u00ebndrat p\u00ebshtymore t\u00eb mushkonjave. Gjat\u00eb konsumimit t\u00eb m\u00ebvonsh\u00ebm t\u00eb gjakut (kur mushkonjat thumbojn\u00eb), virusi mund t\u00eb injektohet n\u00eb njer\u00ebz dhe kafsh\u00eb, prej ku shum\u00ebzohet dhe mund t\u00eb shkaktoj s\u00ebmundje. <\/p>\n
Virusi mund t\u00eb bartet gjithashtu edhe n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet kontaktit me kafsh\u00ebt tjera t\u00eb infektuara, nga gjaku apo indet tjera.
\nNj\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje shum\u00eb e vog\u00ebl e infeksioneve n\u00eb njer\u00ebz \u00ebsht\u00eb paraqitur n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet transplantimit t\u00eb organeve, transfuzionit t\u00eb gjakut dhe me qum\u00ebshtin e gjirit. \u00cbsht\u00eb i regjistruar vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb rast i bartjes s\u00eb virusit NP prej n\u00ebn\u00eb tek f\u00ebmija me rrug\u00eb transplacentare.<\/p>\n
Deri m\u00eb sot nuk ka t\u00eb dokumentuar asnj\u00eb rast t\u00eb bartjes nga njeriu n\u00eb nj\u00ebri t\u00eb VNP n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet kontaktit t\u00eb zakonsh\u00ebm si dhe nuk jan\u00eb raportuar raste t\u00eb bartjes s\u00eb virusit t\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor kur jan\u00eb vendosur masat standarde paraprake t\u00eb kontrollit t\u00eb infeksionit.<\/p>\n
Jan\u00eb raportuar raste t\u00eb transmetimit te pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt n\u00eb laborator\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Shenjat dhe simptomat <\/p>\n
Infektimi me VNP mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb jo-simptomatik (pa simptoma) n\u00eb rreth 80% t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb infektuar, ose mund t\u00eb qoj n\u00eb ethet e Nilit Per\u00ebndimor ose n\u00eb s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb r\u00ebnda t\u00eb Nilit Per\u00ebndimor. <\/p>\n
Ethet e Nilit Per\u00ebndimor zhvillohen t\u00eb rreth 20% e njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb infektuar me VNP. Simptomat p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb temperatur\u00eb dhembje koke, lodhje dhe dhembje t\u00eb trupit, t\u00eb p\u00ebrziera, t\u00eb vjella, her\u00eb pas here skuqje t\u00eb l\u00ebkur\u00ebs dhe \u00ebnjtje t\u00eb gj\u00ebndrave limfatike. <\/p>\n
Simptomat e s\u00ebmundjeve t\u00eb r\u00ebnda (t\u00eb quajtura edhe s\u00ebmundje neuro-invasive, si encefaliti i Nilit Per\u00ebndimor ose Poliomieliti i Nilit Per\u00ebndimor) p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb: dhembje koke, temperatur\u00eb, shtr\u00ebngim n\u00eb qaf\u00eb, shtangie, dezorientim, kom\u00eb, dridhje, konvulsione, dob\u00ebsim t\u00eb muskujve,dhe paraliz\u00eb. \u00cbsht\u00eb llogaritur se rreth 1 n\u00eb 150 persona t\u00eb infektuar me VNP do t\u00eb zhvillohet nj\u00eb form\u00eb m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00eb e s\u00ebmundjes. S\u00ebmundja serioze mund t\u00eb shfaqet tek njer\u00ebzit e secil\u00ebs mosh\u00eb, mir\u00ebpo njer\u00ebzit mbi mosh\u00ebn 50 vje\u00e7are dhe personat me imunitet te zbehur (p.sh. pacient\u00ebt me transplantime) jan\u00eb n\u00eb rrezik t\u00eb madh q\u00eb t\u00eb s\u00ebmur\u00ebn r\u00ebnd\u00eb pas infektimit me VNP.<\/p>\n
Periudha e inkubacionit prej 3 deri n\u00eb 14 dit\u00eb. <\/p>\n
Diagnoza<\/p>\n
VNP mund t\u00eb diagnostikohet nga nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i testeve t\u00eb ndryshme. <\/p>\n
\u2022 IgG antitrupa (ose rritje e konsiderueshme n\u00eb titrin e antitrupave) n\u00eb dy mostra t\u00eb nj\u00ebpasnj\u00ebshme t\u00eb mbledhura n\u00eb interval prej nj\u00eb jave – ELISA
\n\u2022 T\u00ebrheqja e IgM antitrupave me ELISA
\n\u2022 Testet e neutralizimit
\n\u2022 Detektimi viral p\u00ebrmes RT-PCR
\n\u2022 Izolimi i virusit kulturave qelizore. <\/p>\n
IgM mund t\u00eb detektohet edhe n\u00eb l\u00ebngun trunoshpinor dhe mostrat e marra nga pacienti i infektuar apo nga pacienti me shenja klinike. Antitrupat IgM MUND T\u00cb Q\u00cbNDROJN\u00cb M\u00cb SHUME SE NJ\u00cb VIT. <\/p>\n
Vektor\u00ebt dhe kafsh\u00ebt bart\u00ebse
\nVN virusi n\u00eb natyr\u00eb q\u00ebndron n\u00eb rrethin transmetues Mushkonja \u2013zogj-mushkonja. Lloji Culex i mushkonjave konsiderohet si bart\u00ebs kryesor i vektor\u00ebve t\u00eb s\u00ebmundjes VNP, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht lloji Cx. Pipiens. VNP mbahet n\u00eb bashk\u00ebsit\u00eb e mushkonjave me transmision vertikal (t\u00eb rriturit tek vez\u00ebt). <\/p>\n
Zogjt\u00eb jan\u00eb rezervuar bart\u00ebs t\u00eb VNP. N\u00eb Evrop\u00eb, Afrik\u00eb, Lindjen e Mesme dhe Azi, mortaliteti n\u00eb zogj lidhur me VNP \u00ebsht\u00eb i rrall\u00eb. An\u00ebtaret e familjes s\u00eb korbave (corvidae) jan\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht t\u00eb preksh\u00ebm, por virusi \u00ebsht\u00eb gjetur edhe n\u00eb rreth 250 lloje t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb zogjve t\u00eb ngordhur. Zogjt\u00eb mund t\u00eb infektohen p\u00ebrmes shum\u00eb rrug\u00ebve, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 pickimit t\u00eb mushkonjave, dhe lloje t\u00eb ndryshme mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb potenciale t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebr mbajtjen e ciklit t\u00eb transmisionit. <\/p>\n
Kuajt, ashtu si njer\u00ebzit, jan\u00eb strehues t\u00eb fundit, dmth. s\u00eb pari pasi infektohen, nuk e p\u00ebrhapin s\u00ebmundjen. Infeksionet simptomatike tek kuajt jan\u00eb po ashtu t\u00eb rralla dhe t\u00eb lehta, por mund t\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb s\u00ebmundje neurologjike, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe encefalomielitin fatal. <\/p>\n
Parandalimi<\/p>\n
Pasi shp\u00ebrthimet e epidemive t\u00eb VNP ndodhin para rasteve n\u00eb njer\u00ebz, nd\u00ebrtimi i nj\u00eb mbik\u00ebqyrje sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore aktive t\u00eb sh\u00ebndetit t\u00eb kafsh\u00ebve p\u00ebr gjetjen e rasteve t\u00eb reja \u00ebsht\u00eb esenciale n\u00eb sigurimin e lajm\u00ebrimit t\u00eb hersh\u00ebm p\u00ebr autoritetet veterinare dhe sh\u00ebrbimet sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore humane.<\/p>\n
Zvog\u00eblimi i rrezikut t\u00eb infeksionit n\u00eb njer\u00ebz
\nN\u00eb munges\u00eb t\u00eb vaksin\u00ebs, m\u00ebnyra e vetme p\u00ebr t\u00eb zvog\u00ebluar infeksionin n\u00eb njer\u00ebz \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmes vet\u00ebdijesimit dhe edukimit t\u00eb popullat\u00ebs rreth masave q\u00eb mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarrin p\u00ebr t\u00eb zvog\u00ebluar rrezikun e ekspozimit ndaj virusit.<\/p>\n
Porosit\u00eb edukative duhet t\u00eb fokusohen si vijon: <\/p>\n
\u2022 Zvog\u00eblimin e rrezikut ndaj bartjes p\u00ebrmes mushkonjave.
\n\u2022 Angazhimet p\u00ebr parandalimin e transmisionit duhet s\u00eb pari t\u00eb fokusohen n\u00eb mbrojtjen personale dhe t\u00eb bashk\u00ebsis\u00eb ndaj pickimit t\u00eb mushkonjave me p\u00ebrdorimin e rrjetave, repelent\u00ebve, rrobave t\u00eb lehta me m\u00ebng\u00eb t\u00eb gjata, dhe shmangien e aktiviteteve t\u00eb jashtme n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e pickimit.
\n\u2022 Zvog\u00eblimin e rrezikut t\u00eb transmisionit prej kafsh\u00ebve n\u00eb njer\u00ebz. Dor\u00ebzat dhe mjetet tjera duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren gjat\u00eb trajtimit t\u00eb kafsh\u00ebve t\u00eb s\u00ebmura apo indeve t\u00eb tyre, si dhe gjat\u00eb therjes.
\n\u2022 Zvog\u00eblimin e rrezikut t\u00eb transmisionit p\u00ebrmes transfuzionit t\u00eb gjakut dhe transplantimit t\u00eb organeve. Kufizimet dhe testet laboratorike gjate dhurimit t\u00eb organeve dhe gjakut duhet t\u00eb konsiderohen gjat\u00eb shp\u00ebrthimit t\u00eb epidemis\u00eb n\u00eb zonat e prekura pas shqyrtimit t\u00eb situat\u00ebs epidemiologjike lokale\/regjionale. <\/p>\n
Kontrolli i vektor\u00ebve <\/p>\n
Parandalimi efektiv i infeksioneve n\u00eb njer\u00ebz varet n\u00eb zhvillimin e nj\u00eb mbik\u00ebqyrje gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebse dhe t\u00eb integruar t\u00eb mushkonjave dhe programeve t\u00eb kontrollit n\u00eb zonat ku shfaqet virusi.<\/p>\n
Parandalimi i infeksioneve n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore<\/p>\n
Pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor\u00eb q\u00eb kujdesen p\u00ebr pacient\u00ebt e dyshuar apo t\u00eb konfirmuar me infeksion VNP, ose q\u00eb punojn\u00eb me mostrat prej tyre, duhet t\u00eb zbatojn\u00eb masat standarde parandaluese p\u00ebr kontrollin e infeksioneve. <\/p>\n
Mostrat e marra prej njer\u00ebzve ose kafsh\u00ebve t\u00eb dyshuara me infeksion VNP duhet t\u00eb manipulohen nga stafi i trajnuar dhe n\u00eb laborator\u00eb t\u00eb pajisur komplet.<\/p>\n
Laboratoret e Institutit Komb\u00ebtar jan\u00eb t\u00eb gatshme t\u00eb diagnostikojn\u00eb \u00e7do rast t\u00eb dyshimt\u00eb klinikisht n\u00eb VNP.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
N\u00cb KOSOV\u00cb NUK KA VIRUS T\u00cb NILIT PER\u00cbNDIMOR! Qytetar t\u00eb nderuar! Kujdes nga pickimi i mushkajave! Virusi i Nilit per\u00ebndimor, i cili tashm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shfaqur n\u00eb vendet e Balkanit, Mediteranit dhe n\u00eb Europ\u00eb, ka b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb ekspert\u00eb t\u00eb Institutit Komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsis\u00eb Publike t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, t\u00eb shtojn\u00eb gatishm\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb parandalimin e shfaqjes s\u00eb s\u00ebmundjes. N\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":88928,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-88927","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-shendetesi"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88927","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=88927"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88927\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/88928"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=88927"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=88927"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiostargjilan.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=88927"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}